In the design of heap leach pads, it is very common to use composite liners of a geomembrane over a low permeability soil or soil liner. A granular liner is used on top of the geomembrane to prevent damage from the impact of the large ore. In general, the upper interface, geomembrane versus liner or ore, will usually provide a greater shear strength than clay soil in contact with a textured geomembrane used as a soil liner due to its granular nature. Therefore, to avoid any instability of the heap leach pad at the interface, the shear strength of the lower interface should be improved, or the block failure surface can be modified by cuts or fills. The research conducted by Ayala et al. (2014) is updated by including more results from large direct shear tests of composite interfaces consisting of textured LLDPE geomembrane and soil liner. The curves related to the variation of interface shear strength due to geomembrane asperity height, soil liner classification, and normal stress are used as a way to perform a comparative analysis of heap leach stability in the design or construction stages. The stabilization measures of two leach pads were studied and contrasted in order to find which was the most effective action to maintain an acceptable static factor safety for the block failure stability analysis. This included an evaluation related to the best cost-effective alternative for stabilization between geometry modifications and interface improvements. The 2-D limit equilibrium method slope stability analysis was employed in both cases to evaluate different stabilization solutions in the block failure slope stability of leach pads; A cost estimate of each proposed action was obtained and compared with the other. The criteria for the stabilization works were related to the following: leveling geometry modifications (not including the heap geometry, therefore, conservation of the heap capacity); improvement of the interface shear strength based on updated information; and the use of both options. Key design issues related to the cost benefits of stabilization work are recommended when low factors of safety are found for block failure stability during a heap leach pad project.

Author: Array